REPORT ONAUTISM OF THE EFP 2025

In l’École de la Cause freudienne (ECF) 

By Ligia Gorini 

 

In 2025, the French policy on autism and neurodevelopmental disorders (TND: autism, Dys, ADHD, TDI) focused on: 

  • Widespread early detection: examinations at 9 months and 6 years throughout the territory, mobilization of pediatricians, PMI and general practitioners. 
  • Development of school systems: continuation of the opening and strengthening of Autism Nursery Education Units (UEMA) and Autism Elementary Education Units (UEEA), support for trained teachers and ASD systems, despite territorial disparities. 
  • Structuring of the medico-social sector: gradual implementation of the SERAFIN-PH reform, adaptation of funding according to pathways and supervision / standardization of practices. 
  • Support for families: maintenance of funding for specialized interventions, with better readability of the routes. 
  • Research – MARIANNE program: national child and family monitoring cohort to evaluate and coordinate TND interventions at the territorial level. 

News:  

In November 2025, an amendment to the draft law on the financing of Social Security (France, 2026) proposed to eliminate the reimbursement of care based on psychoanalysis or analytical inspiration. The ECF immediately mobilized by organizing a widely attended forum, denouncing an attack on the freedom of choice of families and practitioners. Several learned societies and professional associations have also expressed their opposition. The amendment was eventually withdrawn during the parliamentary review. 

At the same time, the bill on mental health expert centres was discussed. Intended to formalize these specialized structures, it has been challenged by most of the associations of child psychiatry and unions of psychologists, who denounce the risk of two-speed psychiatry and the divide between specialized assessment and local care. Regarding autism, the expansion of the number of diagnostic evaluation platforms is on the agenda, while the resources allocated to care remain insufficient.  

On February 12, 2026, the High Authority for Health (HAS) published new recommendations for autism: psychoanalysis, previously considered a non-consensual approach, is now reclassified as ‘not recommended’. France thus becomes the only country in the world to prohibit the psychoanalytical approach in the support of young autistic people. 

ECF: Lacanian action has been unfolding in a sustained and committed manner since November 2025, through the takeover of Lacan Quotidien, and Studio Lacan broadcasts intended to enlighten and nourish the debate. A column co-authored by Eve Miller Rose appeared in Libération7 on March 4, 2026. After the publication of the HAS recommendations, a second forum was organized on 12 March, bringing together about thirty speakers. The fight for the defense of psychoanalysis continues. 

The Center for Study and Research on Autism (CERA): 

Management rotation in July 2025 (2025 2027). 

CERA mornings continue to generate strong public interest. 

The theme for the year 2025-2026 is: Words of autistic people. Be taught by the testimonies. 

You can consult the complete program of teachings 2025-2026 via the following link: https://events.causefreudienne.org/img/cms/CERA%2025-26/Programme%20CERA%2025-26.pdf 

The magazine Quarto 141 published the text of Éric Laurent’s intervention of June 14, 2025, Retour sur la forclusion du S1. 

 

 

In the Escuela Lacaniana de Psicoanálisis (ELP) 

By Jesús Sebastián 

 

In Spain, the ELP’s “Observatorio sobre políticas psi” has remained attentive to issues concerning autism at school and state level. One of the issues that the Observatory initiated last year was the follow-up to the initiative promoted by the General Council of Official Colleges of Physicians and the General Council of Psychology, requesting the Ministry of Health of the Government of Spain “an urgent regulation of the use of psychotherapeutic interventions, as well as their advertising, limited to the health sector and their exercise by regulated professions in medicine, clinical psychology and general health psychology, also certifying the proper training of health professionals who practice it”8. We know that, for the moment, this initiative has not received any response from the Spanish government. 

One of the tasks that has occupied the Observatory throughout 2025 has been the translation into Spanish of the book La Difference autistique, by Jean-Claude Maleval and its publication in the GRAMA publishing house. The support of Jean-Claude Maleval and Alejandra Glaze, director of the publishing house Grama, greatly facilitated the launch of the project. The ELP’s Observatory on Spanish-speaking policies took charge of carrying out the work in which we invited the members of the Spanish-speaking Diagonal Translation Office of the New Cereda Network from Argentina, Colombia and Spain, and several bilingual colleagues from the ECF, to participate. The book came out in November last year. 

Of the activities carried out by DIAGONAL HISPANOHABLANTE NUEVA RED CEREDA, during the year 2025, we highlight those that, directly or indirectly, have dealt with issues concerning autism: 

– Study work and preparation for the XXIII Study Day “The anguished child and his objects”, held on February 28, 2026 in Barcelona. Invited by Omaira Meseguer 

– In addition, two Diagonal Meetings have been held online, on 10 October and 28 November, with the participation of Vilma Coccoz and Valeria Sommer-Dupont, on the theme proposed by Daniel Roy (The child and objects). 

Also in the context of the different communities of the ELP, the different groups of the New Cereda Network have carried out activities, of which we review those whose topics concern autism: 

“The violence: between the symptom and the passage to the act. How to do with urgency?“. Cereda Barcelona 13 de enero, 24 de febrero 

Workshops Let’s talk “Institutionalized children“.  

Cereda A Coruña 28 January, 25 February, 1 April, 20 May, 21 October and 9 December  

Workshops Let’s talk “Current diagnoses What does psychoanalysis say?”   

Cereda A Coruña 1 and 8 February, 15 and 18 March, 19 and 22 April, 17 and 27 May, 1 November, 10 December. The subjective constitution: Case Roberto. 5 December. 

Joint meeting of the workshops: “Current diagnoses” and “Institutional children.” Cereda A Coruña 7 June 

Reading workshop on “Clinic of excess” by Domenico Cosenza. Cereda Málaga, 4 and 25 March, 3 April. 

The invention of the child in the face of the invasion of pleasure“. 6 March: Cereda, Alicante.  

Dream, fantasy and delirium: the “addiction” to screens and parallel worlds. A new war between parents and children.” Cereda Barcelona. 10 March: 7 April 

 “How to clothe the real when the ghost does not operate?”. 20 de marzo: Cereda Alicante.  

The children and their encounter with joy” Cereda Almería: March 25 

Clinic of the failures of the ghost.” Cereda Málaga: May 19 

The child and his objects“: 

Cereda Valencia, DHH-NRC EINDA: Presentation of the 2025-26 course, September 16. Questions about the text by Daniel Roy “Children and their objects“: 21 October. 

Cereda Málaga. Presentation of the course 29 September, 17 November; Children and their objects. “Materiality and Moterialism “: 15 December. 

Cereda A Coruña: 2 October, The Roberto Case: 27 November. 

Cereda Zaragoza: Encuentros Diagonal. 1o Encuentro: Inauguration of the cycle. October 4 (Elizabeth Escayola); October 10: “What the children teach us about the object” (Vilma Coccoz); “The children and their objects“: December 13: 

Cereda Madrid, Alice and her riddles. ” The object en M. Klein y Winnicott“. 11 de noviembre; “The object in its imaginary dimension a-a “: 9 de diciembre; 

Cereda País Vasco. Children and their objects “: 12 de noviembre. 

Cereda Sevilla. “Psychoanalysis and institutions. Children and their objects“: 11 de diciembre 

Presentation of the book “Quiet word ” by Elizabeth Escayola. Meeting with other figures. Cereda Valencia, EINDA with BOLV Valencia and TEAdir CV: 26 September. In Zaragoza it was presented as an activity of the Library of Lacanian Orientation of the Community of Aragon of the ELP in collaboration with the DHH-NRC in Aragon. 

The WORKSHOP OF STUDIES ON PRACTIQUE À PLUSIEURS 2025, of the Association TEAdir in Catalonia (ASSOCIATION OF PARENTS, MOTHERS AND RELATIVES OF PEOPLE WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER), organized a work program on the topic PSYCHOSIS AND AUTISM. THE SOCIAL BOND IS THE SYMPTOM. They set out their work program as follows 

They set out their work from an indication by Jacques-Alain Miller in the “Conversation of Arcachon,” where he asks, about the horizon to which an institution that practices among several points points: “Where do your inventions come from? And what does the syntagma-plural mean when it comes to how real the subjects, in psychosis and autism, are confronted?” 

And they propose: “An institution guided by the teaching of Lacan can be proposed as an architecture, as a structure. She promotes both the places and the links, as well as extending some possible circuits. Thus, of the subject’s passage through the institution, would it be tied to a subbing of the social bond or an insertion in the discourse?” 

With the following work programme: THEMATIC AXES 

Series / Circuits 

Structure / Construction 

Places / Links 

Insertion in the symptom: Partenaire-symptom / Becoming partner of the subject 

Substitution of the social bond / Insertion in the discourse 

Also this year, in April, the Association TEAdir-Catalonia released number 9 of its magazine L’Atelier with the title A practice of the impossible, among several. 

From the ELP’s Observatory on Public Policies, we closely follow the consequences of the change in approach that recently, as early as 2026, has been carried out by the Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS), in France, regarding autism treatments: psychoanalysis, previously considered as an unconsensual approach, is now reclassified as “not recommended” as reported by Ligia Gorini in her writing. The ECF has reacted by mobilizing a broad and important debate in the fight for the defense of psychoanalysis against this aggression. This is an issue that concerns us and should keep us alert. 

 

 

In the New Lacanian School (NLS) 

By Marina Frangiadaki 

 

Institutions hosting autistic subjects within different frameworks by members of the NLS and members of the NLS groups: 

 

ASREEP-NLS (Swiss) 

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV). Lausanne, Suisse 

Day centre CHUV. 

The reception is not exclusive to autistic subjects but their number is increasing. Several structures are currently in place:  

-A small specialised school and a therapeutic centre (CTJE) with 18 places of which 80-90% of children suffer from autism as well as a larger school. 

-A Therapeutic Centre (CPT) with 54 places, of which one third of children aged 6 to 12 years old have autism. It is a specialised school associated with a care centre.   

-A crisis day hospital and short stay assessment (CITE), a partial reception that also receives autistic subjects of preschool and school age for, among other things, diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic follow-up. 

3 ASREEP-NLS members, psychiatrists and psychologists are part of the team in these structures. The CHUV also serves as a training space for younger colleagues (university department). 

Responsibles: Dr Olga Sidiropoulou, child psychiatrist, associate physician, member of the Asreep – NLS, olga.oidiropoulou@chuv.ch 

Dr Mathilde Holvoet, child psychiatrist, head of clinic, member of the Asreep-NLS, mathilde.holvoet@chuv.ch 

Frédéric Pacaud, psychologist at the CPT, member of the NLS, frederic.pacaud@chuv.ch 

Centre Chablaisien de Psychiatrie et Pédopsychiatrie (CCPP). Aigle, Suisse  

CCPP was created by members of the NLS and members of the ASREEP-NLS. It welcomes, among others, children, adolescents and adults affected by autism. 

8 Colleagues are involved in the cabinet and are members of ASREEP and/or NLS.  

Responsibles: Dr René Raggenbass, psychiatrist, member of the NLS, rene.raggenbass@hin.ch 

Dominique Rudaz, psychologist, member of ASREEP – NLS, dominique.rudaz@hin.ch 

Marie Trémelot, psychologist, member of ASREEP – NLS marie.tremelot@fsp-hin.ch 

l’Institut Insight Discourse. Lausanne et Genève, Suisse 

The institute is specialised in psychiatry, psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, offering integrative support. The team is multidisciplinary. It includes psychiatrists, psychologists, psychotherapists, psychoanalysts, nurses, social workers and educators. In this context, the institute offers services for children, adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders, among other psychopathologies. 

Responsible: Silvia Geller, psychologist, member of NLS sg@silviageller.ch 

 

GIEP-NLS (Israel) 

PART Tel Aviv, Israël  

The unit’s name is PART, which stands for Psychosis, Autism, Research and Treatment. PART is the result of a collaboration between the Dor-a Clinical Section in Tel Aviv and the hospital. It is both a clinical unit for patients and a place where clinicians analytically oriented interested in institutional work can complete a two-year formation.  

A collaboration with Le Courtil has been established.  

PART clinicians are all in analysis. They are not members of GIEP but participate in the activities of GIEP and the Clinical Section: Dorit Loew Goldberg, Elizabeth Tamir, Lihi Goldman, Orly Parente, Ronit Asaban. 

Training in the Unit includes clinical case presentations, which take place under the auspices of the Dor-a Clinical Seminar.  

https://dor-a-lacan.com/?page_id=252 

The PART unit was established as part of an outpatient clinic called “Keshet” (Hebrew: rainbow) at Sheba Hospital. The population at the “Keshet” is comprised of adults who have been diagnosed with autism. The unit receives patients from the Shahar clinic for young people after a first psychotic crisis 

Responsible: Liat Schalit (PhD), psychologist, member of NLS, Director of the PART Unit, liatschalit@gmail.com 

 

ICLO-NLS (Ireland) 

Space2be. Naas, Ireland 

Space2be is a therapeutic service for children and adolescents with severe social difficulties. It receives children and adolescents who have a diagnosis of autism, mental disorders or disability. The team works with the pratique à plusieurs. A significant clinical work with parents is conducted. 

Supervision: Space2be has an Advisory Board (AC) proposed by Daniel Roy in 2023. The members of the Council are: Neus Carbonell (representing NLS), Iván Ruiz (representing TEAdir), Sheila Power (representing ICLO-NLS) and Bruno de Halleux (representing Antenna 110). Former members: Ève Miller-Rose (representative of the Freudian Field), Yves Vanderveken (representing Le Courtil). The CC meets on average twice a year. The team does weekly supervisions with a member of the NLS and the AMP. 

Monthly working groups are organized to read and translate articles on autism. Clinical meetings are organized with the participation of AMP members as extimes.  

The Space2be team: There are three members of the ICLO-NLS: Cecilia Saviotti (founder, therapeutic director and clinician), Nefeli Papadaki (therapeutic coordinator and clinician), Mercedes Sanchez Granel (clinician). Clinicians in training and friends of ICLO-NLS participate as volunteers.  

The permanent team has eight members who are all in analysis with a member of the PGA. A work exchange with TEAdir is planned this year. The Ministry of Children, Disability and Equality has granted funding to organize holiday camps for the children of Space2be. 

ResponsibleCecilia Saviotti, psychologist, therapeutic director, member of the ICLO -NLS ceciliasaviotti@gmail.com 

 

Bulgarian Lacanian Psychoanalysis Society (SBPL) 

Association “Child and Space” Sofia, 

The association ‘Enfant et Espace’ manages nine social services in Sofia and Ruse, including four residential institutions and five day-care centres. These services welcome children and adolescents with autism, disabilities, severe mental disorders, different forms of psychological suffering and difficulties in social connection. The teams use for their therapeutic work psychoanalytical tools oriented by the teaching of Jacques Lacan and Jacques-Alain Miller. 

The therapeutic team is composed of Blaga Banova, Maria Kuzmanova, Anna Ancheva and Anette Marinova (members of BSLP).   

One of the six services – the Centre for Integration and Social Rehabilitation (day centre) ” Hedgehogs ” in Sofia is directed by Blaga Banova, psychologist. 

The supervision of the team in Ruse is ensured by Dr. Biliana Mechkunova, child psychiatrist, member of the NLS and Milena Popova, psychologist, member of SBPL 

Responsible: Vessela Banova, clinical psychologist, therapeutic director, member of the NLS. vbanova@gmail.com 

Mental Health Centre for children and adolescents. Ruse, Bulgaria 

The Mental Health Centre (CSM) for children and adolescents is an ambulatory child psychiatric service located in Ruse. Lacanian orientation is implemented by the clinical work of Bilyana Mechkunova and Milena Popova in consultations and short-term interventions with children, adolescents and parents. The CSM maintains close working relationships with the Centre d’intégration et de réhabilitation sociale sharing the same premises. 

Responsible: Bilyana Mechkunova, child psychiatrist, member of the NLS. bmechkunova@gmail.com 

Social institutions in which the Lacanian orientation is introduced by the supervision of members of the NLS and BSLP: 

Day centre for autistic children in Gabrovo – supervised by Dessislava Ivanova, psychologist, member of the NLS, tzveta33@abv.bg 

Residential institutions for children and youth with disabilities in Kazanlak and Kyustendil – supervised by Raya Vencislavova, psychologist, member of the OPPS, rayadmtrv@gmail.com 

Day centre for autistic children in Varna – supervision by Vessela Banova, member of the NLS, vbanova@gmail.com 

Social center for rehabilitation and reintegration that takes care of autistic children in Varna. Supervision provided by Vessela Banova and Anna Ancheva / psychologist, member of the SBPL 

Day center for children and teenagers with disabilities The sunflowers welcomes autistic patients. Supervision provided by Vessela Banova 

Social center for rehabilitation and reintegration in Veliko. Supervision provided by Vessela Banova 

Day center for autistic children in Gabrovo  . Supervision provided by Dessislava Ivanova, psychologist, member of the NLS,  

Help Center managed by the association Institute of Social Activities in Sofia. Supervision provided by Anguelina Daskalova, psychologist, member of the SBPL. 

 

Hellenic Society of the NLS  (SH-NLS), Greece 

Department of Psychiatry for Adolescents and Young People at the General Hospital of Athens ” G. GENNIMATAS ” Athens, Greece 

Day hospital and outpatient consultations: Reception of adolescents and young people up to the age of 23, psychotic and autistic. 

Responsible: Dr Epaminondas Theodoridis, psychiatrist, Head of Service, member of the NLS, etheodor@otenet.gr  

Multipurpose Mental Health Nursing Unit of Attica ‘Dafni’, Athens, Greece. Special boarding school for adults with severe autism and/or mental retardation (11 people). Responsible: Eleni Molari, psychiatrist, member of the NLS 

 

Borromean Knot Society (SNB), Greece  

Reception center for psychotic and autistic adults. Athens, Greece. Maria Spanou, psychologist, head of the Center, member of the SNB. 

spanoumaria@msn.com 

Marina Frangiadaki, psychologist, member of the NLS, she oversees the team frangiadaki@icloud.com 

Special school for psychotic and autistic children. Crete, Greece. Ioanna Verigaki, psychologist, member of the NLS verigaki@yahoo.gr 

 

Lacanian Compass, USA 

Thomas Svolos, psychiatrist, member of the NLS. Interventions at the medical center of Creighton University in Omaha, Nebraska which welcomes autistic patients. tsvolos@outlook.com 

 

Albania-Initiative 

Qendra Komunitare Multidisiplinare (Multidisciplinary Community Centre) Tirana, Albania. Day centre for psychotic and autistic children. Colleague Practitioner: Sonilda Barjamaj, psychologist (former intern at Courtil), member of the Albania Initiative,  sonildabarjamaj11@gmail.com 

 

 

In the Scuola Lacaniana di Psicoanalisi (SLP) 

By Mateo De Lorenzo  

 

In 2018, I was invited to organize the work of a team from a small “historical” association in Rome -Ciampacavallo- that deals with intellectual and behavioral disabilities, particularly those with severe psychotic and autistic subjects, expelled from all “traditional” centers; these are cases of chronic and “intractable” young people and adults.  

The condition I posed was to use the psychoanalytic orientation of Freud and Lacan and in particular the contributions of the Pratique en équipe and the Pratique à plusieurs 

The Association has formally authorized this orientation since 2018, adopting it. 

Within a few months there was a rapid succession of events that allowed me to found CasaCiampa, a second day center, which was accredited by the Lazio Region and contracted by Rome Capital and whose official founding documents refer to the Freudian Field and applied psychoanalysis. Therefore, the “official methodology”, approved by the Lazio Region and Rome Capital, is the Pratique à plusieurs 

This is a unique case in Italy.  

Since 2019 I have been president of the Association. Over the years we have won numerous public calls and we changed the way we practice, orienting ourselves with psychoanalysis.  

Ciampacavallo has more than 1,200 members and regularly cares for nearly 700 people with various disabilities, including nearly 400 people with psychosis and/or severe autism. 

In 2023, we founded a social cooperative, CiampaCoop, to regularize the contractual situation of operators. Among other things, we won a Call for the Award of another Casa Cantonera of the Lazio Region. In Casa Fontana, after the restoration work, we have founded a training house for autonomous life, to open deinstitutionalized and demedicalized residences of people with autism and intellectual disability, as part of National Law 112/2016 “After Us.”  

Ciampacavallo (Association and Cooperative) has grown significantly: today it has a solid budget, three locations (an indoor day center, an outdoor day center, and a semi-autonomous home), several vehicles, numerous workshops, two gyms, a social fairing with various animals, and a large riding stable with 26 horses and ponies. 

The team consists of approximately 60 people: psychologists, educators, social workers, agronomists, artisans, and equestrian instructors. Several weekly clinical meetings and monthly supervision meetings are held. The team’s formation is oriented by Freudian Field psychoanalysis and focused on texts by various authors (in particular Di Ciaccia, Baio, Egge, Stevens, De Halleux, Zenoni, Laurent; obviously Freud, Lacan and JA. Miller). We welcome trainees from the various faculties of Psychology in Rome and students from the Freudian Institute in Rome. 

The people who attend Ciampacavallo are welcomed – one-by-one – and progressively involved in the daily work which is divided into working groups and clinical ateliers. We regularly organize trips, weekends and stays, as well as cultural, sporting and artistic events. 

My position as “at least one” which has kept the helm firm in the direction of the Freudian Camp for this, already great, reality of the Social of Rome has generated important movements towards psychoanalysis: that is, with this desire at stake, the initiation of analytical training of some members of the team has been achieved. Today there are several students of the Freudian Institute in Rome and people in analytical training who work, at my side, in the various ativities and structures of Ciampacavallo. Some of us also participate in the activities of a working group of the Italian network of the Freudian Field BIP2 (Child Unconscious Psychoanalysis and Politics), a network that focuses on the work of the Institut psychanalytique de l’Enfant du Champ freudien. 

My role has served and also serves, in extension, to confront the Other Social that now knows and recognizes Ciampacavallo as a “common good” and as oriented by analytical discourse. Ciampacavallo now maintains personal counts of esteem and trust with the Minister of Disability, the Councilors for Social Policies of the Lazio Region and the Municipality of Rome, as well as local figures (political and administrative/operational) from the various Municipalities of the City.  

Obviously, regarding my function, in intension, it is about keeping active the four discourses within the institution that, by nature, tends to “close up” and above all keep alive the desire to work with psychoanalysis. 

As a public contribution to the Social, Ciampacavallo can argue that we are demonstrating, thanks to the psychoanalysis of Freud and Lacan, a different way of practicing social inclusion; a topic that has been rethought and practiced by us as a condition linked to the one-by-one and based on the subject’s clinic, also – and above all – when “apparently” there is no trace of the subject (for example, when autism is very closed).  

For several years I have been coordinating with other colleagues (Manuele Cicuti, Gregorio Di Ciaccia, Emanuele Tacchia, Alberto Tuccio – SLP-Cf members and participants) who direct institutions outside Rome and in Milan, in an inter-institutional work for the Clinical Section of Rome, coordinated and supervised by Antonio Di Ciaccia. This is a monthly study group, each time attended by around a hundred operators, trainees, and students from the Freudian Institute in Rome and Milan. Each institution takes turns presenting a case, which is discussed by the teams with commentary by Antonio Di Ciaccia. 

Jesús Sebastián, with the collaboration of Xavier Giner (ELP), Anaëlle Lebovits-Quenehen y Ligia Gorini (ECF), Patricia Bosquin-Caroz y Marina Frangiadaki (NLS), Amelia Barbui y Mateo De Lorenzo (SLP). 

 jsebastianb@telefonica.net 

Preparations for the restart, Laura Sokolowsky

Preparations for the restart

Laura Sokolowsky

Dear colleagues and friends of psychoanalysis,

I extend my best wishes to you at the start of this new year placed under the sign of the present and future fight to defend our orientation, our practices, and our institutions.

I extend my best wishes to you at the start of this new year placed under the sign of the present and future fight to defend our orientation, our practices, and our institutions. We have a duty to unite our forces in order to denounce the scientistic and technocratic vision of the world that has been imposed for decades on the field known as mental health.

Freud estimait que la psychanalyse n’est pas une vision du monde d’être incluse dans la science. Freud considered that psychoanalysis is not a worldview to be included within science. Following him, it was necessary to guard against separating psychoanalysis from its native soil, namely, research, the patient study of unconscious factors, and the constant putting to the test of theory through clinical practice. If a case exposes a flaw in theory, then it is the theory that must be modified and rethought. Freud’s work is founded on the principle that the subject’s symptom rebels against diagnostic reduction and that there will always be a remainder that cannot be assimilated, a trauma, escaping symbolization.

When we are confronted, sometimes belligerently, with the Popperian argument that psychoanalysis is non-refutable, what is misjudged is that psychoanalysis is being perpetually reinvented: it sheds its skin in every session, every supervision, and at each of our study days. This is precisely why psychoanalysis is so alive, it is constantly advancing. It does not deal out supposedly objective truths obtained through consensus and the harvesting of data processed through the mill of AI. We are accused of flouting science? Very well, let’s talk about it! To believe that imaging, molecules, or methods of brain stimulation will get the better of the symptom is to succumb to the illusion of a medicine based on irrefutable evidence. The tables are turned.

Freud maintained moreover that what would be harmful to psychoanalysis would be its transformation into a technique of care, that is, its absorption into medicine. Hence his obstinate refusal, until the end of his life, to guard analytic practice solely for physicians. His foresight is evident: we must be careful not to reduce psychoanalysis to its psychotherapeutic effects in order to prove its efficacy.

It is on this very terrain that our detractors await us, hoping to deliver the final blow.

Consequently, it is incumbent upon us to know where we come from and where we are going. Jacques-Alain Miller has recently emphasized this point: what kind of School do we want? The path that I defend is that of psychoanalysis as bequeathed to us by Freud and Lacan, one that heals indirectly by not aiming primarily to eradicate the symptom. Consequently, it is in the domain of the analytic intelligence of the symptom, its relation to the drive, its real, that we must yield nothing. The future of our orientation is at stake, on the other side of the discourse of the master. It is this future for which we are collectively responsible today, this collective itself composed of singular voices expected to contribute to the debate.

This debate was initiated at the beginning of December on ECF Messager, by way of a text concerning a journalistic publication which, in retrospect, appears of relative importance compared to the major stakes of Lacanian action. This same debate will continue along two lines: that of resistance and counterattack against our detractors; that of examining and redefining the aims and missions of the School.

Within this dual perspective, I am pleased to announce here the relaunch of Lacan Quotidien in the form of an electronic bulletin of the École de la Cause freudienne, distributed via ECF Messager. Indeed, the legislative offensives against psychoanalysis revive the necessity of this online publication. Its purpose will be to inform and debate the scientific, political, and cultural issues involved in current attempts to reconfigure clinical practice. Certain on the ground experiences will also be of interest to readers of Lacan Quotidien. It will be a matter, once again, of reinventing the School that we will transmit to future generations, with lucidity and courage.

Lacan Quotidien will be directed by myself in my capacity as President of the ECF. Editorial coordination will be ensured by Angèle Terrier. Ève Miller-Rose will serve as Editor-in-Chief.

The battle ahead will be tough, Lacan Quotidien will be our lookout.

Yours,

To submit contributions to Lacan Quotidien
- texts in Word format, Georgia font, size 12, line spacing 1, justified
- 3500 signs maximum (spaces included)
- Subject heading of the email and the file name: LQ + SURNAME First name
- Documents should be sent to Laura Sokolowsky and Ève Miller-Rose:
laura.sokolowsky@gmail.com
eve@lacanquotidien.org

Published in Lacan Quotidien on 05 January 2026
Translated from French by Anthony Stavrianakis

A false intersubjectivity, Patricia Bosquin-Caroz

A false intersubjectivity

Patricia Bosquin-Caroz

At the end of 2025, we were stunned to discover the proliferation of expert centers within French public psychiatry. Funded by the FondaMental foundation, a favoured partner of the French government and promoter of “data driven” biomedical psychiatry, these centres are part of the PERP (Priority Research Programme and Equipment) and PROPSY (Precision Psychiatry Programme) programmes. Their mission is to collect data, produce new diagnostics and develop predictive models to be applied to the population through another program, French Minds.

The sheer number of these systems is dizzying! Beyond this project’s network structure and territorial coverage, the ideology behind it is worrying: an accepted scientism, made operative by new technological advances. Artificial intelligence (AI) is effectively the only way of processing the vast quantities of data that are essential to the project's implementation. Today, we can see the extent of its involvement in the public mental health sector and, at the same time, in the private psychotherapy sector.

In the United States, the private use of AI has rapidly extended to the evaluation of psychotherapists and even psychoanalysts. It is becoming commonplace to consult one's “digital assistant” to “check” the validity of one's therapist's interventions via mobile applications. In the UK, a government plan even envisages the use of “virtual therapists" based on AI. Inexpensive and available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, this would be a solution to the public health problem. From now on, AI is either simply replacing the practitioner, or it is the intermediary between the practitioner and the patient, as the new subject supposed to know all.

But what kind of subject are we talking about, and what kind of knowledge?

Since AI readily lends itself to any investigation, I have consulted it, using an ad hoc application, about a number of terms that have come up in our debate. Its ability to gather and sort information instantly are concerning. That's the big data side of it. But here we also discovered another side of its performance, the so-called “generative” side - embodied in models such as ChatGPT. AI doesn't just restore existing knowledge: it generates it, while giving the illusion of being human. It reports its expertise, answers questions, addresses its interlocutor in an affable tone, agrees (“You're right”), concedes if someone contradicts its statements (“True”). It corrects misinformation when you object, apologises for it, corrects itself, adjusts itself, “educates itself”. In so doing, it lures you into the illusion of intersubjectivity.

As Luc Ferry puts it: “That's exactly what's so astonishing about their performance, because it's sometimes hard to understand how a machine can be so much like an intelligent human being (1)».

But AI neither speaks nor thinks. It imitates the thinking, conscious and transparent to itself subject. Like the discourse of science, its knowledge is without a subject. It functions in an acephalous mode: shuffling, crossing and connecting signifiers amongst themselves. The questions asked are also added to the flow of data that is unrelentingly collected, encoded and then reintegrated into the system.
Efficient and illusory, AI can’t make us forget that it is not without agents: its programmers and decision-makers. Disciples of “scientistic populism”, they disregard the contribution of psychoanalysis: “the subject does not speak to express its thoughts [...] it is the fact that it speaks [-] meaning, that it emits those harsh or soft sounds that we call the language material - that first determined the path of his thoughts" (2)».

Dialogue with AI on French Minds

By way of example, here is a dialogue with the AI machine. Somewhere between an objective state of knowledge and a fake interlocution, one can read its scientistic bias (passages in italics in particular).

Question - What is French Minds?

AI - French Minds is neither a consultancy firm, nor an opinion think tank, nor a psychological consultation provider, but the name of a major French scientific research cohort in psychiatry, attached to the PEPR-PROPSY national research programme.

National, prospective, multicentred and longitudinal, it aims to follow patients with severe psychiatric disorders, to collect in-depth clinical, biological, imaging and numerical data, and to identify homogeneous profiles and transnosographic dimensions (beyond traditional diagnostic categories).

Question - But what else?

AI - French Minds is supported by the France 2030 plan and piloted by institutions such as Inserm, CNRS, the FondaMental foundation and a number of university hospital centres. The overall aim is to advance psychiatric research by going beyond the limits of traditional diagnostic classifications and opening the way to new, more personalised therapeutic strategies.

Question - Is this a company that replaces healthcare professionals?

AI - French Minds is for research, not care. It's not designed to help any one person, but to generate knowledge about psychiatric disorders from large cohorts. French Minds does not work with the speech of an individual, it transforms patients into comparable data, looks for profiles, correlations and biomarkers, and aims for predictive models. In other words, it does population science.

And the AI adds:

French Minds is not a substitute for current shrinks, because they work at heterogeneous levels.

Question - Is French Minds about prediction and management on a population scale?

AI - Your formulation is correct, but it needs to be clarified to avoid an ideological shortcut.

  1. Yes, in part, French Minds is about prediction and management on the scale of populations in the contemporary biomedical and administrative sense. French Minds explicitly aims to: - predict trajectories (relapse, chronicity, remission); - predict responses to treatment; - identify risk profiles. This prediction does not relate to a single individual, but to probabilities based on comparable groups.
  2. Yes: this is part of population management. In a strict sense (and Foucauldian sense), we are in the logic of biopolitics: collecting massive data, classifying it according to profiles, directing pathways, optimising the allocation of resources.
  3. French Minds produces: knowledge tools for decision-makers, researchers and clinicians, which may (or may not) be translated into public policy. Management is indirect, mediated by the healthcare system.

And the loop closes, as French Minds is the downstream to PROPSY’s upstream.

AI adds:
It's not a conspiracy, it's the normal mode of healthcare governance today.

Where does the term “conspiracy” come from?

Where does the term “conspiracy” come from? It comes without a doubt from the current hateful discourse about psychoanalysi (3), and not the other way round!

And AI dots the i's and crosses the t's:

Where your intuition is very accurate, the French Minds project marks a shift in the centre of gravity: from the single individual to the data, from the clinic to modelling, from the case to the cohort. This shift is real and accepted. That's precisely why it may come into tension with psychoanalysis, with practices based on the spoken word, and any clinic with individuals.

The question is not: “Is this wrong?" but: “How far do we let this logic organise care? What happens to the subject in a system driven by prediction? What practices are marginalised or rendered invisible?” These are legitimate questions, not ideological ones.

And here we are, legitimised! But let's make no mistake: the intelligent machine has of course integrated into its system the point from which it is being questioned, and it is programmed to respond to that. Everything ends up being swallowed up in this knowledge without a hole.

But there is something that escapes this all-knowing that can never be calculated, even by a machine as intelligent as AI: the subject effect. If, in an analysis, the subject obtains the lifting of its symptoms, there is, says Lacan, “in the position of the subject something irreducible, which is very easy to name - the impotence of knowing everything about that" (4). Therefore, quid the return of the real of this part that cannot be calculated by AI?

Published in Lacan Quotidien on 13 January 2026
Translated from French by the New Lacanian Scool


(1) Ferry L., AI: Grand remplacement ou complémentarité, Paris, L'observatoire, 2025, p.55.
(2) Lacan J., Le Séminaire, livre XII, Problèmes cruciaux pour la psychanalyse, text compiled by J.-A. Miller, Paris, Seuil/Le Champ freudien, 2025, p.79-80.
(3) Underlined recently by Laura Sokolowsky.
(4) Lacan J., Le Séminaire, livre XV, L'Acte psychanalytique, text compiled by J.-A. Miller, Paris, Seuil/Le Champ freudien, 2024, p.236.

What Resists in Psychoanalysis, Lilia Mahjoub

What Resists in Psychoanalysis

Lilia Mahjoub

In this School debate, which has opened up and taken a new turn, I note what Jacques-Alain Miller emphasises, namely that “it could be that psychoanalysis will eventually be eradicated from the land of France, and [that] we have only just learned this”. This came to us from outside: psychoanalysis was once again under attack.

It became clear that while the defence of psychoanalysis is necessary [s’impose], given what is being said about it, this in itself does not suffice to answer the questions posed by Jacques-Alain Miller: "What does the School want? And above all: What School does the School want to be?"

To answer the second question, we must return to what the object of the School is, namely psychoanalysis, and thus to the object of psychoanalysis. The forthcoming publication of Lacan's Seminar, which has just been announced, is very timely. The opening lesson of this seminar was published in Écrits under the title “Science and Truth,” and the first lines concern the status of the subject that Lacan established in his seminar the previous year.

Dès ses premiers séminaires, dans son retour à Freud, disons que c’est déjà le sujet qui fait l’objet de son élaboration. From his earliest seminars, in his return to Freud, we can say that it is already the subject that is the object of his elaboration. In 1955, he stated that “The subject is no one » [1] , and called out one of his students as a “little idolater” after the latter had objectified the subject in his presentation to the point of idolising it, by representing it in image laden formulations.

This is a persistent tendency, and one that we must guard against. It is particularly striking when reading clinical texts or other texts aimed at a wider audience.

But the texts in this debate, notably that of Hervé Castanet, remind us, among other things, that “a subject is not an individual”, which Lacan stated in his speech at the opening of a meeting at the PLM Saint-Jacques on Saturday 15 March 1980, after his letter of dissolution on 5 January. This speech was published in the newspaper Le Matin.

The subject of Lacan's elaboration is not the subject of philosophy, and if Lacan says, in “Science and Truth”, that it is that of science, it is because the subject is foreclosed there. L’objet de la psychanalyse, c’est alors la fonction de l’objet a « à insérer, […], dans la division du sujet par où se structure très spécialement, […] le champ psychanalytique. » [2]

Lacan never abandoned his definition of the subject as an effect of the signifier. He formulated that the aim of his teaching “would be to train psychoanalysts to be up to the task of this function called the subject” [1] and that this function was already present in Freud.

But there are also other signifiers of psychoanalysis that are fading, diminishing and losing their virulence. For example, the use of the concept of drive. I note that at one time the terms instinct, excitation or impulse were used, including in translations of Freud's texts. Freud clearly established the difference between drive and excitation, which relates to physiology. Similarly, he distinguished instinct from what constitutes a response to signs in animals. However, the term drive has entered everyday language without the distinction that has emerged since Freud's discovery of repression and the unconscious being established.

Thus, drives are not a measurable quantity, namely, too much or too little drive jouissance, that is, sexual jouissance, but a four-term montage. They cannot be equated with an individual's behaviour. It is not society and its modes of suppression, ranging from education to medical chemistry, that act on them, but repression, and the difference is significant. The subject’s drives are knotted to the signifiers of its demand and can thus be exercised on the rims of the body. Can we believe in a world where drives would be reduced, tidied up, calmed down, simply because psychoanalysis gives space to speech? That would not be enough, because if there is a rectification in the deployment of the drive, i.e. its outward and backward movement, there must also be the anticipated interpretation and cut. For one of the terms of the drive will never be symbolisable, namely its constant thrust.

As Freud put it, the drive “never operates as a force giving a momentary impact but always as a constant one » [4] . This is what Lacan will highlight, specifying that it has no rhythm as a biological function might have, “that it has no day or night, no spring or autumn, no rise and fall” [5] , because it is a constant force, and this constancy is “an element of the real” [6] .

Will recalling the rigour of Freudian and Lacanian concepts, forged from analytical experience, be enough to ensure that psychoanalysis is not doomed to disappear? If its concepts circulate and are swallowed up in common discourse, is that a reason to lose interest in them and believe that they should be replaced by signifiers that are in vogue, circulating in contemporary society? The latter certainly require the psychoanalyst's interest, but this does not mean that he should use them to adapt his discourse.

Yet, despite the criticism and rhetoric levelled at it, there is something in psychoanalysis that resists. Should psychoanalysts be content with this, or rather, as Lacan invites them to do, seek to understand what it is?

Psychoanalysis is a symptom that society and other discourses would like to get rid of, but it has within it a real, a real that is the irreducible part of this symptom. It is this real that resists and maintains its cutting edge. However, psychoanalysis, unlike other discourses, does not want to get rid of either the real or the symptom, and this is the condition for its survival. It is also what one can expect from a psychoanalyst.

Published on 21 December on L' ÉCOLE DÉBAT 14
Translated from French NLS


[1] Lacan J., Le Séminaire, livre II, Le moi dans la théorie de Freud et dans la technique de la psychanalyse, texte établi par J.-A. Miller, Paris, Seuil, 1978, p. 72.
[2] Lacan J., « La science et la vérité », Écrits, Paris, Seuil, 1966, p. 863.
[3] Lacan J., « Place, origine et fin de mon enseignement », Mon enseignement, Paris, Seuil, octobre 2005, p. 58.
[4] Freud S., « Pulsions et destins des pulsions », Métapsychologie, Paris, Gallimard, folio/ essais, 1968, p. 14.
[5] Lacan J., Le Séminaire, livre XIV, Les quatre concepts fondamentaux de la psychanalyse, texte établi par J.-A. Miller, Paris, Seuil, 1973, p. 150.
[6] Lacan J., Ouverture des Journées de l’EFP, avril 1975, Les lettres de l’école freudienne, n°18. p. 7.

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